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Exhibit A
Lexical items taken from selected articles in Constantino and Atienza, (eds.,1997) showing English borrowing in the writings on Filipino
Teresita G. Maceda, Ma. Ela L. Atienza, Efren R. Abueg, Monico M. Atienza, Patrick D. Flores:
Table 1
|
English Terms
|
Filipino forms/alternates |
English Terms
|
Fil. forms/alternates |
| accusation |
akusasyon |
character |
karakter |
| action |
aksyon |
cluster |
klaster |
| actual |
aktuwal |
column |
kolum |
| aesthetic |
estitik |
colonial |
kolonyal |
| analytical |
analitikal |
commercial |
komersyal |
| appointed |
apoynted |
commission |
komisyon |
| appointment |
apoynment |
commitment |
komitment |
| acoustic |
akostik |
committee |
komite |
| acquisition |
akwisisyon |
communication |
komunikasyon |
| artificial |
artipisyal |
composition |
komposisyon |
| bilingual |
bilinggwal |
concretization |
kungkretisasyon |
| bilingualism |
bilinggwalismo |
condition |
kondisyon |
| broadcast |
brodkast |
connection |
koneksyon |
| business |
bisnis |
conscious |
konsysus |
| capital |
kapital |
consideration |
konsiderasyon |
| casual |
kaswal |
consonant |
konsonant |
| category |
kategori |
consultation |
konsultasyon |
| categorical |
kategorikal |
contemporary |
kontemporaryo/i |
| chairman |
tserman |
context |
konteksto |
| chancellor |
tsanselor |
contradiction |
kontradiksyon |
Table 2
| control |
kontrol |
domain |
domeyn |
| conversation |
kumbersasyon |
editorial |
editoryal. |
| conviction |
kumbiksyon |
education |
edukasyon |
| corpus |
korpus |
effective |
epektibo |
| cosmopolitan |
kosmopolitan |
election |
eleksyon/election |
| crisis |
krisis |
electoral |
elektoral |
| critical |
kritikal |
elementary |
elementari |
| cultural |
kultural |
elite |
elit |
| curriculum |
kurikulum |
empirical |
empirikal |
| debate |
debate |
encoder |
enkoder |
| declared |
idineklara |
essential |
esensyal |
| decoder |
dekoder |
ethnical |
etnikal |
| dedication |
dedikasyon |
evolution |
ebolusyon |
| definition |
depinisyon |
exception |
eksepsyon |
| deliberate |
delibereyt |
expression |
ekspresyon |
| demonstration |
demonstrasyon |
faculty |
fakulti |
| destiny |
destini |
formula |
pormula |
| develop |
develop/debelop |
forum |
forum |
| development |
debelopment |
framework |
preymwork |
| direction |
direksyon |
graduate |
gradweyt |
| discussion |
diskasyon |
historical |
historikal |
| disposition |
disposisyon |
hypothesis |
haypotesis |
| dissemination |
diseminasyon |
habit |
habit |
Table 3
| identity |
identidad/aydentiti |
ironical |
ironikal |
| ideolect |
idyolek |
issue/-d |
isyu/nag-isyu |
| ideological |
ideolohikal |
lexicon |
leksikon/lexicon |
| illiterate |
ilitereyt |
liberal |
liberal |
| illiteracy |
iliterasi |
level |
lebel |
| illusion |
ilusyon |
linguist |
linggwist |
| importance |
importansya |
(to) manipulate |
manipulahin |
| imposition |
imposisyon |
manipulating |
pagmamanipula |
| impossible |
imposible |
mass media |
mas midya |
| individual |
indibidwal |
mathematics |
matematiks |
| influential |
impluwensyal |
medium |
midyum |
| informal |
impormal |
methodical |
metodikal |
| information |
impormasyon |
minor |
maynor |
| institution |
institusyon |
misconception |
miskonsepsyon |
| insurrection |
insureksyon |
morphology |
morpoloji |
| intellectual |
intelektuwal |
multi-ethnic |
multi-etnik |
| intellectualization |
intelektwalisasyon |
multilingual |
multi-linggwal |
| interaction |
interaksyon |
multinational |
multinasyonal |
| interest |
interes/interest |
mystification |
mistipikasyon |
| interference |
interferens |
national |
nasyonal |
| interlocutor |
interlokutor |
natural |
natural |
| international |
internasyonal |
official |
opisyal |
| intervention |
interbensyon |
optional |
opsyonal |
Table 4
| ortography |
ortograpi |
preoccupation |
pre-okupasyon |
| paragraph |
paragrap |
property |
properti |
| parochial |
parokyal |
proposition |
proposisyon |
| particle |
partikel |
provision |
probisyon |
| particular |
partikular |
qualification |
kwalipikasyon |
| pattern |
patern |
radical |
radikal |
| phenomena |
penomena |
recognition |
rekognisyon |
| philosophical |
pilosopikal |
refinement |
refinement |
| phoneme |
ponema/fonim |
reflection |
repleksyon |
| phonology |
ponoloji |
register |
rijister |
| physical |
pisikal |
researcher |
resertser |
| picket |
piket |
revision |
rebisyon |
| policy |
palisi |
rhetorical |
retorikal |
| political |
pulitikal |
section |
seksyon |
| position |
posisyon |
sector |
sektor |
| potential |
potensyal |
sectoral |
sektoral |
| possible |
posible |
sentence |
sentens |
| potential |
potensyal |
sentimental |
sentimental |
| practical |
praktikal |
secular |
sekular |
| predisposition |
predisposisyon |
simple |
simple |
Table 5
| situation |
sitwasyon |
syllable |
silabol |
| slogan |
slogan |
syntactic |
sintaktik |
| social |
sosyal |
syntax |
sintaks |
| social scientist |
sosyal sayantist |
systematical |
sistimatikal |
| socio-cultural |
sosyo-kultural |
sociological |
sosyolohikal |
| socio-political |
sosyo-politikal |
teacher |
titser |
| solution |
solusyon |
technology |
teknolohiya |
| spectrum |
spektrum |
technological |
teknolohikal |
| spiritual |
ispiritwal |
textbook |
teksbuk |
| standard |
istandard |
theoretical |
teoretikal |
| statistics |
istatistiks |
traditional |
tradisyonal |
| status |
istatus |
transaction |
transaksyon |
| strata |
istrata |
tricycle |
traysikol |
| strategic |
istrategik |
utopian |
utopian |
| stress |
istres |
variable |
baryabol |
| structural |
istruktural |
variation |
baryasyon |
| subcategory |
sabkategori |
variety |
barayti |
| subject |
sabjek |
vernacular |
bernakular |
| superior |
superyor |
version |
bersyon |
| survey |
surbey/sarbey |
volunteer |
boluntaryo |
Prepared By Jessie Grace U. Rubrico
jaguar@languagelinks.org
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Exhibit B:
Lexical items from the writing on Filipino by Virgilio S. Almario,
Vilma M. Resuma, Isagani R. Cruz, Aurora E. Batnag. Teresa Aquino Oreta , in
Daluyan (Journal ng Sentro ng Wikang Filipino sa Talakayang Pangwika)
Vol. VIII, No. 1-2 (1997).
| English Terms |
Filipino Forms |
Engl;ish Terms |
Filipino Forms |
| academe |
akademya |
coordinator |
koordineytor |
| academic |
akademiko |
corpus |
korpus |
| actual |
aktwal |
counselor |
kawnselor |
| addiction |
adiksiyon |
cultural |
kultural |
| assignment |
asaynment |
decision |
desisyon |
| bilingual |
bilingguwal |
develop |
develop |
| chart |
tsart |
diagram |
diyagram |
| classroom |
klasrum |
driver |
drayber |
| colonial |
kolonyal |
efficient |
episyente |
| column |
kolum |
elementary |
elementari |
| comic strip |
komik istrip |
evaluation |
ebalwasyon |
| committee |
komite |
evolution |
ebolusyon |
| commonwealth |
komonwelt |
focus |
fokus |
| conclusion |
kongklusyon |
forum |
forum |
| connection |
koneksyon |
global |
global |
| will be considered |
ikokonsider |
globalization |
globalisasyon |
| constitutional |
konstitusyonal |
gradual |
gradwal |
Prepared By Jessie Grace U. Rubrico
jaguar@languagelinks.org
Back to Article
Exhibit C:
Lexical items from selected 1997 issues of Bisaya showing English borrowing in Cebuano.
| English Terms |
Cebuano Forms |
English Terms |
Cebuano Forms |
| abroad |
abroad |
drama |
drama |
| action |
aksyon |
driver |
drayber |
| actual |
aktuwal |
electronics |
electronics |
| addict |
adik |
editorial |
editoryal |
| album |
album |
elevator |
elevator |
| allowance |
allowance |
high school |
hay-iskul |
| ambition |
ambisyon |
graph |
grap |
| announcer |
anawonser |
individual |
indibidwal |
| assassin |
assassin |
information |
impormasyon |
| auditorium |
awditorium |
issue |
isyu |
| ballad |
ballad |
interest |
interes |
| basketball |
basketbol |
journal |
journal |
| believe |
belib |
literacy |
literasi |
| boxing |
boksing |
medium |
midyum |
| budget |
badyet |
minimal |
minimal |
| bunkrupt |
bangkrap |
module |
modyul |
| calorie |
kalori |
official |
opisyal |
| chairman |
chairman |
particular |
partikular |
| character |
karakter |
popular |
popular |
| cholesterol |
kolesterol |
profession |
propesyon |
| classmate |
classmate/klasmet |
report |
report |
| coach |
coach |
review |
rebyu |
| commander |
komander |
satellite |
satelayt |
| competition |
kompetisyon |
secondary |
sekondari |
| concert |
concert |
section |
skesyon |
| condition |
kondisyon |
target |
target |
| date (v) |
magdeyt |
textbook |
textbukl |
| decision |
desisyon |
traditional |
tradisyona |
| director |
director |
vernacular |
bernakular |
Prepared By Jessie Grace U. Rubrico
jaguar@languagelinks.org
Back to Article
Exhibit D
Lexicalitemsfrom"Ang Paggawa ng Diksyunari ng Wikang Filipino: Kung Bakit Iba
ang Wikang Filipino sa Wikang Pilipino" ni Dr. Ernesto Constantino.
| English Terms |
Filipino Forms |
English Terms |
Filipino Forms |
| academe |
akadim |
obervation |
obserbasyon |
| adapted |
inadap |
optional |
opsyonal |
| affix |
afiks |
peacock |
pikak |
| blackboard |
blakbord |
phoneme |
fonim |
| causative |
kosativ |
prescriptive |
prespcriptive |
| chalk |
tsok |
primer |
praymer |
| codification |
kodifikesyon |
project |
projek |
| conference |
konferens |
occasion |
okasyon |
| consonant |
konsonant |
ortography |
ortografi |
| cultural |
kultural |
personal |
personal |
| contrast |
kontrast |
reduplication |
reduplikasyon |
| descriptive |
deskriptiv |
revision |
pagrerevays |
| develop |
develop |
|
|
| development |
development |
seminar |
seminar |
| factual |
faktwal |
situation |
sitwasyon |
| focus |
fokus |
spelling |
ispeling |
| future |
fyutyur |
subjective |
sabjektiv |
| history |
histori |
symposium |
simposyum |
| implemented |
naimplement |
teacher |
titser |
| imperative |
imperativ |
thorough |
toro |
| inflection |
infleksyon |
up-to-date |
ap-tu-deyt |
| notebook |
notbuk |
vowel |
vawel |
| observation |
obserbasyon |
workshop |
worksyap |
Prepared By Jessie Grace U. Rubrico
jaguar@languagelinks.org
Back to Article
Exhibit E
Lexical items sourced from Radyo Patrol (Channel 2), Saksi (Channel 7), Balitang Balita (Channel 5), and the PTV News (Channel 4) showing borrowing from English. (Taken from March 23-29, 1998 newscasts ).
| airport |
desisyon |
hold-aper |
network |
| administration |
drug pusher |
institusyon |
partikular |
| advayser |
dyuting pulis |
isyu |
pormal |
| aksyon center |
eleksyon |
(nagki-)kleym |
posible |
| alegasyon |
emergency power |
kondisyon |
rali |
| amateur |
executive report |
kontrobersyal |
report |
| anoynted |
futij |
kovereyj |
sektor |
| base |
gun ban |
kwestionin |
sektoral representatib |
| class suit |
handler |
land scam |
sosyal reform |
| (nagko-)coach |
highway |
(naka-)lock |
trafik apdeyt |
| dam |
hold-aper |
masaker |
urban center |
| debate |
(pangho-)hold-ap |
midya |
video |
Prepared By Jessie Grace U. Rubrico
jaguar@languagelinks.org
Back to Article
Exhibit F
Lexical items from the March 26, 1998 issue of the following tabloids:
Remate, Bandera, Remate Tonight, People's Bagong Taliba, and Abante.
| abroad |
carnapping |
inisnab |
make up |
| administrasyon |
champion |
interes |
manedyer |
| agent |
citizen |
irigasyon |
movie press |
| akusasyon |
desisyon |
isyu |
nag-train |
| application |
director |
join |
nai-table |
| aspirant |
editoryal |
karisma |
naka-file |
| atraksiyon |
eleksiyon |
(kinu)konsider |
natural |
| assistant coach |
eksposey |
konstitusyonal |
notorious |
| blocking force |
equipment |
kontneder |
now hiring |
| bakser |
extension |
kontrol(in) |
parti |
| birth certificate |
fighter |
kriminal |
pastoral letter |
| bored |
flash alarm |
krisis |
personal |
| budget |
forma; |
(magpa-)file |
pisikal |
| brutal |
head coach |
(magpi-)petisyon |
plate number |
| chairman |
indikasyon |
(makaka-)recover |
prediksyon |
Prepared By Jessie Grace U. Rubrico
jaguar@languagelinks.org
Back to Article
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